红景天甙的生物合成及其关键代谢酶研究

红景天甙是红景天属植物的主要药效成分，是一种很有前途的环境适应药物，具有抗疲劳、抗衰老、抗微波辐射、抗病毒及抗肿瘤等特异功效，尤其在军事、航天、运动及保健医学上具重要应用价值，近年来备受关注。本文在介绍了红景天属植物的开发利用价值及资源现状的基础上，重点探索了红景天甙生物合成的可能途径。认为其甙元酪醇是经由莽草酸途径合成，再由UDP葡萄糖基转移酶（Glucosyltransferase）催化葡萄糖和酪醇合成红景天甙，而红景天甙又可能在β-D-葡萄糖苷酶作用下降解为甙元酪醇和葡萄糖。文章阐述了参与红景天甙代谢的上述两个关键酶的研究现状及前景。

Approaches on biosynthesis of salidroside and its key metabolic enzymes

As a main efficient component of Rhodiola plants, salidroside is a kind of promising environmental acclimation medicine, with such specific medicinal properties as anti-fatigue, anti-decrepit, anti-microwave radiation, anti-virus, and anti-tumor. It plays an important role especially in military, aerospace, sports and bealthcare medicines, therefore it has been drawing more and more attentions in recent years. The present article probed mainly into the probable biosynthetic pathway of salidroside and gave a brief introduction of the exploitation and utilization values of Rhodiola plants, and the current situation of its natural resources. Here we concluded that tyrosol, the aglycon of salidroside, is biosyntbesized through the relatively well-characterized shikimic acid pathway. A molecule of glucose is then transferred by the UDP-glucosyltransferase （or possibly by the β-D-glucosidase too） to the tyrosol to form salidroside. On the other hand, salidroside may be degraded into tyrosol and glucose by β-D-glucosidase. Research progresses of the two key-enzymes mentioned above, which were involved in the metabolism of salidroside, were finally elaborated.