抗菌肽临床应用前景分析

抗菌肽是生物天然免疫的重要组成部分,几乎存在于所有种类的生物中。目前已发现的抗菌肽超过2 000种。抗菌肽具有广谱抗菌活性,对大多数革兰氏阳性菌、革兰氏阴性菌和真菌具有强大的抑制作用（包括多药物耐受微生物）,而且这种作用具有较好的选择性。这些特点使抗菌肽具有成为抗感染药物的重大潜力;但抗菌肽的临床应用也面临着一些困难,如抗菌肽大量生产、体内稳定性、微生物耐受等。对抗菌肽临床应用面临的问题及正在进行临床研究和临床前研究的抗菌肽做一简要综述。

The perspective of clinical application of antimicrobial peptides

Antimicrobial peptides（AMPs） are the important parts of innate immunity.AMPs exist almost in all kinds of organisms,including bacteria,fungi,plants,and animals.More than 2000 AMPs have been identified.AMPs have broad-spectrum antimicrobial activity against bacteria and fungi.It is worth noting that the multi-drug resistant strains,including vancomycin-resistant Enterococcus and methicillin resistant Staphylococcus aureus,are susceptible to AMPs.Moreover,the antimicrobial activity showed significant specificity and efficiency.All these characteristics suggest that AMPs have the therapeutic potential as anti-infective drugs,but there are some problems,such as serum stability,production of AMPs and resistance to AMPs,interfere with the clinical application of AMPs.In this review,these obstacles and their possible solutions for the clinical application of AMPs are elaborated,as well as the AMPs under preclinical and clinical study are illustrated.