植物应答低温胁迫机制的研究进展

低温是植物生长过程中遇到的主要环境胁迫因子之一,而植物响应低温胁迫是一个多因素协同作用的过程,涉及到复杂的基因表达调控网络。尤其是低温下植物体内生理生化、细胞骨架结构及基因表达调控等方面的改变及相关机制,一直受到研究者的普遍关注。该文主要从细胞学及分子生物学等角度入手,将低温胁迫下植物对低温的响应及可能机制进行综述,着重对植物通过细胞内部细胞器结构与功能的改变来抵御或适应低温,尤其对细胞骨架,以及低温信号转导受体及中间体、下游胁迫相关基因的表达及其在细胞内部的调控及应答机制等方面的作用进行探讨,为耐低温植物新品种的培育及农业生产实践提供理论指导。

The advances of plants in response and adaption to low temperature stress

Low temperature is one of the key environmental stress factors which could affect plant growth and development seriously.And the response and adaption mechanisms of plant to low temperature stress are complicated and confused,which compsed of a complicated regulatory networks.The mechanisms of changes in physiological and biochemical level,especially the dynamic changes of cytoskeleton structure and gene expression pattern under low temperature stress,are all generally concerned by researchers.In this review,the current advances and trends of the mechanisms of plant response to low temperature in cytology and molecular biology level will be summarized.Especially the effect of cytoskeleton,which could heighten plant resistance to cold by dynamically changing of their structures;and the roles of receptors and intermediates,which could participate in cold signal transduction and regulate the gene expression level down-stream by kinase phosphorylation,will be introuced and disscussed detailly.The opinions and views for plant cold acclimation have been put forward and the potential role of the key factors in crop breeding and agricultural production under low temperature have been prospected.