应用合成生物学构建蓝细菌细胞工厂的研究进展

蓝细菌是一类能进行放氧光合作用的原核微生物，具有生长速度快、光合效率高、易于基因遗传操作等特点。它们能够将捕获的光能和二氧化碳转化为生物能源分子，在解决当前社会面临的能源紧缺和环境污染等问题上有着重要的理论和应用研究价值。近年来，随着合成生物学的迅猛发展，构建以蓝细菌为底盘的“人工细胞工厂”用于合成各类生物能源和精细化学产品取得了令人瞩目的成绩。重点介绍了应用合成生物学构建蓝细菌细胞合成工厂的研究进展，并对“光合自养型细胞工厂”面临的两大问题——产物毒性问题以及细胞内氧化胁迫问题进行了重点讨论。

Constructing cyanobacterial cell factories via synthetic biology approaches

Cyanobacteria, as photoautotrophic prokaryotes, possess the characteristics of fast growth, high photosynthetic efficiency, relatively simple genetic background and easy gene manipulation. In addition, since they can convert solar energy and C02 into biofuel molecules, they have attracted significant attention in researches of renewable fuels and green chemicals. In recent years, remarkable progress has been made in applying synthetic biology techniques to construct cyanobacterial autographic cell factories for producing biofuels and fine chemicals. Here, we summarized recent progress in constructing cyanobacterial cell factories via synthetic biology. Moreover, tolerance to toxic products and cellular oxidative stress, the two important issues for the successful application of cyanobacterial cell factories were critically discussed.