Headgroup biosynthesis of phosphatidylcholine and phosphatidylethanolamine in seed plants |
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| Institution: | 1. Mass Spectrometry Center, LAQV-REQUIMTE, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, Santiago University Campus, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal;2. Department of Structural and Chemical Biology, Centro de Investigaciones Biológicas Margarita Salas, Consejo Superior de Investigaciones Científicas (C.S.I.C.), 28040 Madrid, Spain;3. CICECO — Aveiro Institute of Materials, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, Santiago University Campus, 3810-19 Aveiro, Portugal;4. CESAM—Centre for Environmental and Marine Studies, Department of Chemistry, University of Aveiro, Santiago University Campus, 3810-193 Aveiro, Portugal |
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| Abstract: | Phospholipid biosynthesis is crucial for plant growth and development. It involves attachment of fatty acids to a phospho-diacylglycerol backbone and modification of the phospho-group into an amino alcohol. The biochemistry and molecular biology of the former has been well established, but a number of enzymes responsible for the latter have only recently been cloned and functionally characterized in Arabidopsis and some other model plant species. The metabolism involving the polar head groups of phospholipids established by past biochemical studies can now be validated by available gene knockout models. Moreover, gene knockout studies have revealed emerging functions of phospholipids in regulating plant growth and development. This review aims to revisit the old questions of polar headgroup biosynthesis of plant phosphatidylcholine and phosphatidylethanolamine by giving an overview of recent advances in the field and beyond. |
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