Relations between extraction protocols for activated sludge extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) and EPS complexation properties: Part I. Comparison of the efficiency of eight EPS extraction methods |
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| Institution: | 1. State Key Laboratory of Pollution Control and Resource Reuse, School of Environmental Science and Engineering, Tongji University, 1239 Siping Road, Shanghai 200092, China;2. Chinese Research Academy of Environmental Sciences, Beijing 100012, China;1. Research Center for Eco-Environmental Sciences, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100085, China;2. University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China;3. Beijing ZEHO Waterfront Ecological Environment Treatment Company, Beijing 100085, China;4. South China Institute of Environmental Sciences, Ministry of Environmental Protection, Guangzhou 510655, China |
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| Abstract: | The efficiency of eight extracellular polymeric substances (EPS) extraction methods was compared on two different activated sludges. Three chemical methods (EDTA, formaldehyde + NaOH, glutaraldehyde), four physical methods (sonication, cation exchange resin, sonication + cation exchange resin, heating) and a control method (centrifugation alone) were tested.EPS quantities extracted were more greater for chemical methods than those for physical methods. For the chemical methods used EPS contamination due to extracting reagents was pointed out by infra-red analysis. The EPS extracted by physical methods can show a different qualitative composition with protein and carbohydrate as predominant compounds. This study therefore underlines that the choice of EPS extraction method should not only be limited to extraction yield and nucleic acid content but should also consider that the EPS solution may be contaminated by extracting reagents and/or be greatly modified by the extraction protocol. |
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