注射硫代乙酰胺及饲喂不同油脂水平饲料建立草鱼肝损伤实验模型

目的通过注射硫代乙酰胺(TAA)及饲喂不同油脂水平饲料建立草鱼肝损伤实验模型。方法 实验草鱼分模型组和对照组,每组分别投喂2.8%油脂组、4.8%油脂组和6.8%油脂组,模型组腹腔注射TAA 300mg/kg,1次/日,注射1 d,共计6个实验组,饲养10周。养殖过程中,于2周、4周和6周对每组实验鱼采血,测定天门冬酸氨基转移酶(AST)、丙氨酸氨基转移酶(ALT)和AST/ALT。结果①模型组特定生长率显著降低了30.5%(P<0.01),成活率平均为73.33%。模型组草鱼肌肉粗脂肪含量显著降低了17.6%,而肝胰脏粗脂肪含量显著增高了13.38%(P<0.01)。②模型组2周、4周和6周时,模型组血清AST/ALT分别为对照组的1.94倍、1.38倍和1.31倍。10周时,模型组草鱼血清AST/ALT增高了10.10%(P>0.05),而血清胆碱酯酶(CHE)降低了6.38%(P>0.05)。模型组草鱼血清超氧化物歧化酶(SOD)活力显著低于对照组8.56%(P<0.05)。③与对照组相比,模型组肝细胞肿胀且边界模糊,肝细胞部分脂肪病变,有部分炎症浸润,并均出现肝纤维化。结论注射TAA及饲喂不同油脂水平饲料可以诱导草鱼肝损伤实验模型,实验模型具备脂肪肝和肝纤维化病理特征。

Establishment of a carp model of liver injury by injection of thioacetamide and fat diet feeding

Objective To establish a grass carp model of liver injury by injecting thioacetamide（TAA） and feeding diet with different fat contents.Methods More than 1000 young grass carps（body weight 30.0±4.0 g） were used in this study.The carps were divided into TAA injection groups and control groups.Each groups was divided again by feeding 2.8% lipid diet,4.8% lipid diet and 6.8% lipid diet,respectively.The fish of TAA injection groups were given a single intraperitoneal injection of 300 mg/kg TAA.Altogether six groups,20 fish in each subgroup,and repeated for 4 times.The experiment lasted for 70 days.During the breeding process,blood samples were collected at 2,4 and 6 weeks and the serum level of AST,ALT and AST/ALT was measured.Results ①In the TAA injection groups,the specific growth rate was significantly reduced by 30.5%（P0.01）,but the average survival rate was 73.33%.The content of crude fat in muscles was significantly reduced by 17.6%,but that of liver/pancreas was prominently increased by 13.38%（P0.01）.② In the TAA injection groups,at 2 weeks,4 weeks and 6 weeks,the serum AST/ALT value was 1.94 times,1.38 times and 1.31 times of the control groups,respectively.At the end of the experiment,after TAA injection,the serum AST/ALT value was increased by 10.1%（P0.05）,but the CHE value reduced by 6.38%（P0.05）.The serum SOD enzyme activity of the TAA injection groups was significantly lower（8.56%,P0.05） than that of control group.③The hepatocytes in the fish of TAA injection groups showed cell swelling and fuzzy cell boundaries,some hepatocytes had fatty degeneration and inflammatory infiltration,and wide-spread hepatic fibrosis.Conclusions A grass carp model of liver injury is successfully established by TAA injection and high-fat diet feeding at different levels.This experimental fish model is pathologically featured with fatty liver and hepatic fibrosis,and is suitable for the research on liver injury such as fatty liver and liver fibrosis.