恒河猴Mamu-A^＊01基因与SIV／SHIV感染相关的研究进展

SIV／SHIV感染的恒河猴是研究艾滋病及艾滋病药物筛选、疫苗评价较理想的动物模型。MHC在细胞免疫中起着关键作用，研究表明，MHC-I类分子的多态性与SIV／SHIV感染者的疾病进展有着明显的关联作用，Mamu-A^＊01是恒河猴中的一种MHC-I类分子，它可以呈递特定的病毒蛋白片段到细胞的表面，从而激发CTL反应。国外发现Mamu-A^＊01阳性的猴艾滋病恒河猴会出现疾病进展缓慢，存活时间长等特征。本文就恒河猴Mamu-A^＊01基因与SIV／SHIV感染相关的研究进展做一综述，以期进一步加深对MHC在疫苗研究中的作用的了解，并促进更行之有效地对HIV／AIDS疫苗进行评价。

Progresses in Research on Mamu-A*01 Alleles and Its Association with SIV/SHIV Infection in Rhesus Macaques

SIV/SHIV-infected rhesus macaques are used widely as an animal model for AIDS research, drug screening and vaccine evaluation. Recently, it is reported that MHC genes and haplotypes associated with disease progression have also been identified in SIV-infected rhesus monkeys. Mamu-A^＊01 is significantly associated with lower set-point viral load and prolonged survival time in rhesus macaques of Indian origin. The polymorphic MHC genes play a crucial role during the initiation and regulation of an immune response, especially cellular immunity, therefore, they are believed to affect the sensitivity of SIV/SHIV to rhesus monkey infection. In this review, we describe the progresses in research on the relationship between Mamu-A^＊01 alleles and SIV/SHIV infection.