H5N1禽流感病毒感染小鼠和两种灵长类动物的肺组织病理学比较

目的比较H5N1禽流感病毒感染小鼠、恒河猴及食蟹猴急性期肺组织的病理学变化。方法在麻醉状态下对BALB／c小鼠、恒河猴及食蟹猴进行H5N1病毒滴鼻接种，在感染急性期实施安死术，取肺组织运用H＆E结合免疫组化技术分析肺组织的病理变化。结果BALB／c小鼠感染急性期，肺组织以变质性炎为主，肺泡结构被广泛破坏，以单核细胞为主的炎细胞浸润，局部可见渗出性炎。而在恒河猴感染急性期肺组织病理改变以渗出性炎为主，同时可见变质性炎和增生性炎。在食蟹猴感染急性期肺组织病理改变以渗出性和变质性炎为主，同时亦可见上皮的新生。结论H5N1禽流感病毒感染小鼠与恒河猴、食蟹猴急性期肺组织的病理变化不同，这将为进一步认识禽流感的发病机制及研究针对性的治疗方法提供一些理论依据。

Comparison of Pathologic Changes in the Lung of Mice and Two Non-Human Primates Infected with Avian Influenza A Subtype H5N1

Objective To compare the pathologic changes in the lung tissue in acute phase among mice, rhesus macaque and cynomolgus macaque infected by avian influenza A subtype H5N1. Methods BALB/c mice, rhesus and cynomolgus macaques were infected by H5N1 virus through the nasal cavity. All animal were euthanized at acute phase of infection. H＆E and immunohistochemistry were used to analyze the pathologic changes in the lung tissue of all the infected animals. Results The H5N1 virus caused alterative inflammation of lung tissue mainly at acute phase of infection in BABL/c mice. The alveoli were destructed and numerous macrophages infiltrated in alveolar septa and alveolar cavity. The exudative inflammation also was found locally. However, the exudative inflammation become the main sign at the acute stage of infection in the infected rhesus macaques. The alterative inflammation and proliferative inflammation were also found locally. For cynomolgus macaques, the pathologic changes in the lung tissue showed the exudative and alterative inflammation principally. The epithelium hyperplasia was also observed. Conclusions The pathologic changes in the lung tissue were different between BABL/c mice and rhesus macaque, and between BABL/c mice and cynomolgus macaque. These findings will provide some theoretical evidence for understanding the mechanism of avian influenza and useful support to design effective therapy for H5N1 infection.