力生长因子表达调节及其功能机制

力生长因子(mechano growth factor,MGF)是胰岛素样生长因子1(insulin-like growth factor-1,IGF-1)的选择性剪接变异体,具有力敏感性.本文综述了MGF在组织细胞中的表达、调节及其功能机制的最新研究.首先阐述了MGF在多种细胞和组织中的表达和功能,其次说明MGF表达受应力、损伤、激素、温度等多种因素的调节.综述各项研究显示,MGF不依靠IGF-1R发挥作用,而是直接激活骨骼肌卫星细胞,促肌细胞增殖,进而促骨骼肌肥大,修复受损肌肉.通过激活Erk磷酸化促成肌细胞增殖、保护心肌细胞,上调血红素加氧酶-1(heme oxygenase-1,HO-1),激活蛋白激酶Cε(protein kinase Cε,PKCε)和NF-E2-相关因子2(NF-E2-related factor2,Nrf2)发挥保护神经的作用.另外,MGF发挥作用还可能与Wnt/β-catenin信号有关.对MGF作用及其作用机制深入研究有助于未来MGF在临床的运用.

Expression and Function of Mechano Growth Factor

Mechano growth factor（MGF) is an insulin-like growth factor-1 (IGF-1) variant of alternative splicing that is sensitive to mechanical stress. We reviewed latest discoveries on the expression, regulation, mechanism of MGF researches. The expression and function of MGF in cells and tissues under stress conditions, including injury and changes of hormones, temperature and other factors, were discussed. MGF directly actives the proliferation of skeletal muscle satellite cells to promote cell proliferation independent to IGF-1 receptors, and this implied to be related to muscle hypertrophy and regeneration. MGF-induced cell proliferation protects myocardial cells by increasing Erk phosphorylation. The upregulation of heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) and activation of PKCε and Nrf2 by MGF treatments has been reported to play a role in neuroprotection. The effect of MGF may also involve the Wnt/β-catenin signaling. Further studies on function and mechanism of MGF is important for its potential clinical applications.