DNA芯片技术研究进展

DNA芯片技术是近年来发展迅速的生物高技术 .其基本过程是采用寡核苷酸原位合成或显微打印手段 ,将大量探针片段有序地固化于支持物如硅芯片的表面 ,然后与扩增、标记的生物样品杂交 ,通过对杂交信号的检测分析 ,即可得出样品的遗传信息 .该技术不仅可以对遗传信息进行定性、定量分析 ,而且扩展到基因组研究和基因诊断等方面的应用 .尽管目前在硬件和软件上还面临一些困难 ,但其发展和应用的前景广阔 .

Advances in DNA Chip Technology

In DNA chip technology,light directed in situ oligonucleotide synthesis or microarray printing technique has been adopted, to generate arrays of large amounts of probes in the surface of small substrates such as silicon chips,which hybridize to the amplified and labeled samples.After scanning and analysing,the signals can provide information on the identity of samples.By this novel method,not only DNA sequencing and gene expression monitoring but also genome research and gene diagnoses can be performed.Though faced with some difficulties in the hardware and software at present,bright future has been envisioned.