夏家店等古人骨DNA的提取、扩增及序列分析

古DNA从距今 2 0 0 0～ 50 0 0年的古代人骨 (编号为 :M89,ⅢM11,ⅢM12和AM4 )中提取出来 ,利用聚合酶链式反应分别对线粒体DNA中MTND4 基因中 112 10～ 11414(2 0 5bp)以及RegionV中 8196～ 83 16(12 1bP)进行了扩增 ,并被测序 .实验结果表明古代人骨中仍存在有大量的遗传信息 ,通过提取、扩增可以得到真实可靠的序列 .对序列进行比较发现 112 4 8,112 4 9,112 83及 112 93为易发生突变的位点 .结果经同源性分析后发现 ,ⅢM11和ⅢM12有很高同源性 ,而M89和AM4与ⅢM11和ⅢM12的同源性却比较低 .这对人类学、考古学及分子进化的研究有重要的辅助作用 .

Extraction,Amplification and Sequence Analysis of Xiajiadian Ancient Human Bone DNA

Ancient DNA was extracted from human bone remains (varying in age from about 2 000 to 5 000 years old) recovered from the archaeological sites.Two mitochondrial DNA fragments from 11 210 to 11 414(205 bp) and from 8 196 to 8 316 (121 bp) were amplified from the extracts using the polymerase chain reaction (PCR) and sequenced directly.Evidence is presented that the amplified sequences are authentic and do not represent contamination by extraneous DNA.The result shows that 11 248,11 249,11 283 and 11 293 are highly variable sites and ⅢM11 and ⅢM12 have high homogeneity, but M89 and AM4 have lower homogeneity compared with ⅢM11 and ⅢM12.there are remnents of genetic information in the ancient bone DNA,which have important implication for anthropology,archaeology and molecular evolution.