酪氨酰蛋白磺基转移酶与植物蛋白质硫酸化修饰

蛋白质硫酸化是一种翻译后修饰，该修饰使分泌蛋白或膜蛋白具有成熟的生物学功能，在植物的生长发育中发挥重要的作用。催化这一修饰的酶是酪氨酰蛋白磺基转移酶（tyrosylprotein sulfotransferase, TPST），它将底物3′-磷酸腺苷-5′磷酰硫酸（PAPS）的磺酸基团转移到蛋白质的酪氨酸残基上。近年来，随着植物中TPST的克隆，已有3个家族的植物多肽被发现存在硫酸化修饰。本文综述了植物TPST的生化特性与功能，介绍了植物TPST的3个底物多肽家族及其参与的分子信号途径。

Tyrosylprotein Sulfotransferase and Protein Sulfation in Plants

Protein sulfation is a type of post-translational modification (PTM), which confers special functions to secretory peptides and membrane proteins and is involved in plant growth and development. Protein sulfation is mediated by tyrosylprotein sulfotransferase (TPST), which catalyzes the transfer of a sulfonic moiety from the donor 3′-phosphoadenosine 5′-phosphosulfate (PAPS) to the hydroxyl moiety of tyrosine residues of proteins. In recent years, upon the cloning of the TPST gene in plants, three peptide substrate families are discovered. Here we review the biochemical characteristics and functions of TPST in plants, and summarize the TPST substrate peptides and the related molecular signal pathways.