硫代硫酸钠干扰斑马鱼胚胎发育并致畸

硫的衍生物潜在的威胁着胚胎的发育过程.斑马鱼被用于研究不同浓度（1×10-6～1 mol/L）的硫代硫酸钠（sodium thiosulfate, STS）对胚胎发育的影响，在解剖显微镜下实时观察斑马鱼胚胎发育的全过程.采用Western 印迹法检测乙酰化的微管蛋白——α-微管蛋白（acetylated tubulin, α-tubulin）和神经元增殖细胞核抗原（proliferating cell nuclear antigen，PCNA）的表达，分别检测STS暴露后胚胎的运动神经元功能，神经元的增殖状态.发育中的斑马鱼胚胎暴露于0.1～1 mol/L STS，呈现出严重的发育迟缓，并且伴随多脏器畸形；暴露于10 μmol/L～10 mmol/L STS，胚胎呈现循环系统，神经系统以及颌面部畸形.胚胎在48 hpf (hours post fertilization)时，对STS的暴露敏感高于24 hpf和96 hpf.STS可能干扰细胞的增殖及运动神经元的正常分化.STS可能干扰正常的细胞骨架结构，并在胚胎发育晚期影响细胞增殖，对胚胎神经系统、循环系统及颌面部有致畸作用.

Induction of Zebrafish Malformation by Sodium Thiosulfate During Embryogenesis

Sulfuric derivatives are potentially hazardous to embryogenesis. The toxic effect of sodium thiosulfate (STS) (1×10-6～1 mol/L) on zebrafish embryo development were studied using real-time in vivo imaging. The motor neuron proliferation and differentiation were analyzed by the formation dynamics of acetylated tubulin (α-tubulin) or nuclear antigens (PCNA) in proliferating cell. The development of embryos exposed to 0.1～1 mol/L STS was severely retarded. The exposure to 10 μmol/L～10 mmol/L STS resulted in malformations in multiple organs; like the circulatory, nervous and maxillofacial systems. The embryos appeared to be more sensitive to STS at 48 hours post fertilization (hpf) than at 24 or 96 hpf. We conclude that STS may interfere with the normal cytoskeleton, disturbs cell proliferation and leads to nervous, cardiac and maxillofacial malformations.