基因芯片与高通量测序技术的原理与应用的比较

随着后基因组时代的到来，基因芯片和高通量测序已成为生物化学和分子生物学研究中的两大重要技术。从检测效率、准确性以及自动化程度证实，这两大技术都较传统的遗传学方法有了新的突破。基因芯片技术是一种具有高通量、高效率以及高自动化特点的方法，发展至今无论在核心技术还是工业应用方面都得到广泛的推广。高通量DNA测序技术建立较晚，但是其发展速度快，特别是在技术方面的更新换代极快，不断地改进使得测序的高通量、高准确率在生命科学中的应用也是占据不可逾越的优势。二者在原理上存在着显著的差异，却在应用方面上常常交融。基于此背景，本文以基因芯片技术与高通量测序技术二者在原理和基因拷贝数变异、肠道微生物、农业等应用方面作简要论述和对比。

Comparison of Principle and Application of the Gene Chip and High-throughput Sequencing Technologies

With the advent of the post-genomics era, gene chip and high-throughput sequencing have become two most important technologies in biochemistry and molecular biology. Compared with the traditional genetic methods, these two technologies have made new breakthroughs in the detection efficiency, accuracy and the degree of automation. The gene chip technology is a high-throughput, high-efficiency, and high-automation method. Its core technical protocols have already been widely popularized and used in industrial applications. Although the high-throughput DNA sequencing technology was established after gene chip, its development speed is extremely fast, especially in terms of technical updating and replacement. Continuous improvement makes its application in life sciences an insurmountable advantage. There are marked differences between these two methods by principle. But the application of the two technologies often blend together. This paper briefly discusses and compares the principles of the gene chip and high-throughput sequencing technologies and their utilizations in gene copy number variation, the intestinal microbiology and agriculture.