溶血磷脂酸在皮肤损伤疾病中的作用及其分子机制

皮肤作为人体最大器官覆盖于全身,能阻挡有害物质的侵入,保护人体内环境稳态,参与人体代谢过程。皮肤损伤、炎症和纤维化等,都会导致皮肤屏障功能的减退,影响正常的生命活动。溶血磷脂酸(lysophosphatidic acid,LPA)是十分活跃的磷脂信号分子,参与多种生理和病理生理过程。LPA是维持体内平衡所必需的生物活性脂质介质,在皮肤中通过不同的信号通路发挥多功能磷脂信使作用。本文综述了皮肤中溶血磷脂酸受体(lysophosphatidic acid receptor,LPA1-6)及其细胞信号通路的作用及机制,综述了LPA在皮肤创面愈合、皮肤瘢痕、皮肤黑色素瘤、硬皮病、皮肤瘙痒、过敏性皮炎、皮肤屏障、皮肤疼痛,皮肤毛发生长中的作用及分子机制,有助于了解LPA在皮肤中的生理和病理生理作用。深入研究LPA的作用机制将有助于挖掘其在皮肤治疗中的作用,开发以LPA为靶点的药物。

The Role of Lysophosphatidic Acid in Skin Injury and Its Molecular Mechanism

Skin is the largest organ which covers the whole body,and can prevent the invasion of harmful substances,protect the homeostasis and participate in the metabolic process of the human body.Skin injury,inflammation,fibrosis and other factors can cause the decline of skin barrier function.Lysophosphatidic acid(LPA)is a bioactive phospholipid messenger involved in multiple physiological and pathophysiological processes,and is a necessary bioactive lipid medium to maintain homeostasis in many physiological and pathophysiological processes through different cell signaling pathways in the skin.In this paper,we review the role and mechanism of the lysophosphatidic acid receptor(LPA1-6)and its cellular signaling pathways regarding to skin wound healing,skin scar,cutaneous melanoma,scleroderma,itchy skin,allergic dermatitis,skin barrier,cutaneous pain and hair growth,which is helpful to understand the physiological and pathophysiological roles of LPA in skin.Further study on the mechanism of LPA will help to understand its role in skin therapy and develop drugs targeting LPA.