纳米金在基因突变检测及SNP分析中的应用

对特异核苷酸序列的高选择性检测在生物医学研究和临床检测中日趋重要. 纳米金特殊的光学性质、电学性质、化学性质、以及良好的生物相容性，使之成为检测生物大分子的首选工具.本文介绍了几种典型的基因突变检测及单核苷酸多态性(SNP)分析系统：基因芯片、生物传感器和光学检测系统.综述了多种颇有新意的检测方法和原理，详细阐明了它们的检测机制和研究进展，分析并比较了纳米金不同的作用方式，为纳米金在突变检测上的进一步研究提供了一定思路和参考.

Gold Nanoparticles Application in Gene Mutation Detection and SNP Analysis

Highly selective detection of specific oligonucleotide sequences is increasingly important in biomedical research and clinical diagnosis. The excellent optical, electrical, and chemical properties make gold nanoparticles (GNPs) unique tools for biomolecule detection. GNPs based methods for the detection of gene mutation and single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) are more selective, sensitive, and cost efficient, compared to the conventional technologies, which require bulky and expensive instruments or involve time cost procedures. This paper presents and demonstrates the principles and mechanisms of several typical GNPs based methods for gene mutation and SNP analysis, aiming to provide some ideas and references for further studies.