青海油田微生物采油技术研究

从青海油田地层水中分离培养出4株微生物菌种，对其进行了耐温性、耐盐性等进行了探讨，分析了微生物处理前后原油组份及物性变化情况，并采用岩芯流动试验探讨了微生物的驱油效果。结果表明，这几种微生物菌种均能适应青海油田温度及高矿化度地层环境，作用于原油后对原油中的长链饱和烃类物质有较好的降解作用，能使其分子链变短，并产生有机酸或石油羧酸盐类表面活性剂等低分子物质，使原油的粘度、凝点及蜡含量均出现明显的下降，改善原油的流动性能。提高石油采收率。2口井的现场试验证明，微生物采油具有良好的提高石油采收率的效果和清蜡减阻效果。

Development of Microbial Enhanced Oil Recovery in Qinghai Oil Field

indigenous microorganisms separated from underground water of Qinghai Oil Field,their salt and heat resistance and the physical properties of the crude oil by microorganisms treatment are analyzed.And adopting core flow tests discussed oil-displacing efficiency of microorganisms.The results in laboratory these microorganisms are very suitable for the underground environment in Qinghai Oil Field.The components and properties of crude oil are diversified after microbial action,the long chain alkane can been inverted into short chain alkane,and some little molecular materials such as carboxylic acid or superficial agents are produced,the viscosity,paraffin content and freezing point of crude oil were all decreased apparently.The simulation core flowing test indicated that oil recovery can be increased more than 10% by means of microbe flooding after the water flooding.The field testing of two wells was further proved that microbial oil recovery technology can increased oil output and can effectively remove paraffin and improve oil mobility,and it is a kind of economic and effective enhanced oil recovery method.