高原鼠兔与达乌尔鼠兔的摄食行为及对栖息地适应性的研究

通过对标志高原鼠兔和达乌尔鼠兔直接观察的方法，对它们的摄食行为及栖息地适应性进行了研究。两种鼠兔的摄食行为链存在着明显趋同的行为程序时间系列。在摄食活动中，前者用于防御敌害的时间分配较多。而达乌尔鼠兔则花费更多的时间于采食。对小生境内的高大植株进行刈割，是高原鼠兔保持其防御视野开阔，降低被捕食风险的适应性策略；达乌尔鼠兔则善于利用栖息地内高大植株覆盖物作为它们的临时隐蔽所，以有效地躲避敌害。这表明它们具有反捕食的行为调控能力，也证明捕食风险强化了物种对栖息地的选择。

FORAGING BEHAVIOR OF OCHOTONA CURZONIAE AND OCHTONADURICA AND THEIR ADAPTATION TO HABITAT

Studies of foraging behavior for O. curzoniae, O. dan'ica and of their behavioral adaptation to their habitats were carried out by direct observation of marked pikas of free living individuals at Niannuosoma area of Oangcha county, Qinghai province.Both pikas exhibit the same time rank of behavioral patterns of fQraginS behavioral Chain: feed>defence>locomotion. Time of spending defence by O. curzoniae was more than of O. daurica, however, time of O. daurica spending forage was more than that of O. curzoniae.O. curzoniae cut high plants in its microhabitat in order to keep the open field of vision for defence enemy, and O. daurica made use of the high plants in microhabitat for hidden itself when it met with a predator.The results showed that two species of pikas provided behavior flexibility to adapt their habitats, habitat selection of the Pikas were enhanced by predation risk.