植食性小哺乳类营养生态学的研究：高原鼠兔的食物选择模式与食物质量

本文报道了高原鼠兔(Ochotona curzoniae)的食物模式,食物选择指数及食物项目的营养成分,并探讨食物质量与食物选择的关系。高原鼠兔主要选食双子叶植物叶片。食物组成与饲料可利用量的比较分析,揭示出高原鼠兔对各种食物项目的选择程度。在排除其它营养因子的作用后,复回归分析的结果表明,食物百分率与磷含量之间具有显著的正相关。各种食物项目不同营养成分与食物百分率之间相关关系不一致。从而进一步验证了食物选择决定于饲料可利用量和食物质量的假设。

STUDIES ON THE NUTRITIONAL ECOLOGY OF HERBIVOROUS SMALL MAMMALS: PATTERNS OF FOOD SELECTION AND FOOD QUALITY FOR PLATEAU PIKAS, OCHOTONA CURZONIAE

This paper reported the food pattern, food preference index and nutritional component of food items, and analysed the relation between the food quality and the food selection. Plateau pikas mostly ate dicotyledon leaves. Comparison of diet composition with forage availability indicated the food selective degree on each food item for plateau pikas. Plateau pikas strongly preferred Elymus nutans, Oxytropis ochrocephala and Potentilla nivea. Contents of nutrient component in the three food items were changed markly monthly. We found positive correlations between dietary percents of food items and those for water, crude protein, sodium (Na) and phosphorus (P) contents, and negative correlations between dietary percents and those for fat, fibre, potassium (K), calcium (Ca) and magnesium (Mg) contents. Multiple regressive techniques revealed that only the relationships with dietary percents and phosphorus (P) content remained singnificant when effects of other nutrients were removed. Those correlations and regressions between those nutrients and dietary percents were differrents (Table 5 and Table 6). Those results above support to the hypothesis: the forage availability and food quality decide food selection.