四川小相岭山系大熊猫种群及栖息地调查

小相岭山系是现存大熊猫种群数量最少的山系之一。根据全国第3次大熊猫及其栖息地调查结果，小相岭山系大熊猫栖息地分布在石棉、冕宁和九龙三县，栖息地总面积802．04km^2，大熊猫种群数量有32只。大熊猫在3个位于小相岭山系的自然保护区内种群数量和栖息地面积分别为：四川冶勒自然保护区9只，栖息地面积168．01km^2；四川栗子坪自然保护区14只，栖息地面积306．38km^2；四川贡嘎山自然保护区1只，栖息地面积15．19km^2。在3个保护区大熊猫栖息地总面积为489．58km^2，占各山系大熊猫栖息地总面积的61．05％；有大熊猫24只，占大熊猫种群数量的75．0％。小相岭山系大熊猫meta种群栖息地片段化比较严重，它由2个种群和2个孤立分布点组成。南北方向从成都至昆明的108国道以东的种群A有大熊猫13只，栖息地面积263．54km^2，完整性较好，大熊猫分布比较集中。108国道以西的种群B有大熊猫19只，栖息地面积为538．50km^2，栖息地破碎。该山系大熊猫数量少，栖息地片段化严重，需加强保护。

A Survey of the Giant Panda Population and Habitats in the Xiaoxiangling Mountains

The giant panda of the Xiaoxiangling Mountains are distributed in Shimian, Mianning and Jiulong Counties. Their population size is one of the lowest among all mountain regions. The results of the 3rd Nationwide Giant Panda Census show that the total area of giant panda habitat in this region is 802.04 km^2 , the population size of the giant panda is 32 individuals. There is panda habitats of 489.68 km^2 and 24 individuals in three Nature Reserves located in the Xiaoxiangling Mountains. Area of the panda habitats is 168.01 km^2 and there are 6 individuals at the Sichuan Yele Nature Reserve of Mianning County. Area of the panda habitats is 306.38 km2 and there are 14 individuals at the Sichuan Liziping Nature Reserve of Shimian County. Area of the panda habitats is 15.19 km^2 and 1 individual at the Sichuan Gonggashan Nature Reserve. The panda habitats in the Xiaoxiangling Mountains are seriously fragmented. The giant panda population in the Xiaoxiangling Mountains has been separated into two parts by No. 108 National Highway from Chengdu to Kunming, and includes individuals from two other isolated insular areas, so that it is a metapopulation of the giant panda. The size of subpopulation A, located to the east of No. 108 National Highway, is 13 with relatively intact habitats of 263.54 km^2. The size of subpopulation B, located to the west of No. 108 National Highway, is 19 with fragmented habitat of 538.50 km^2. Because of small population size and fragmentation of habitat in the Xiaoxiangling Mountains, the giant panda population is severely endangered. So conservation of the panda population and their habitats in the Xiaoxiangling Mountains must be enhanced.