猕猴牙齿的变异性研究

本文是猕猴（Ｍａｃａｃａｍｕｌａｔｔａ）７个亚种１３０个头骨的牙齿比较研究结果。在２２项变量中，有１２项表现出明显的性二型，对另外１０项不等于２２项的单因子方差分析表明，除Ｍ＿２近中远侧距离（ＬＭ＿２ＭＤＬ）外，其余变量在７个亚种之间具有显著性差异。判别分析结果说明，其中６项变量虽对亚种的划分具有显著性贡献，但各亚种间的总判别率仅为３２．５６％，亦即牙齿结构在猕猴各亚种间的变异较小。６项变量组成的星状图表明，印度指名亚种与中国各亚种的牙齿形态有较大差异。在中国猕猴各亚种间，指名亚种ｍｕｌａｔｔａ（Ｃｈｉｎａ）与福建亚种ｌｉｔｔｏｒａｌｉｓ和西藏亚种ｖｅｓｔｉｔａ与川西亚种ｌａｓｉｏｔｉｓ表现出较大的相似性。猕猴的牙齿结构随纬度不同呈现出梯度性变化。各亚种间的牙齿差异主要表现在大小或形状方面，这与不同亚种的个体大小相关。

STUDIES ON THE VARIATION OF TEETH IN RHESUS MONKEYS YAO Jianchu

This article is the conclusion of the comparative study of teeth in 130 craniums(skulls)of 7kinds of rhesus macaque subspecies.In 22 terms variables ,12 terms displayobvious bisexual type;The unvariate analysis among the other ten terms,show that ex-cept LM_2MDL,other variables among 7 subspecies possess obvious diversities.The dis-criminant analysis shows that though 6 terms of all variables have remarkable contribu-tions to the subspecies differentiating,the general discriminant ratio is only 32.56?-tween each subspecies,which illustrates that the variation of tooth shape in various rhe-sus macaque subspecies was small.In the star-symbol picture formed by 6 terms of variables,considerable differencesof tooth pattern are shown between Macaca mulatta(India)and various Chinese sub-species.The structure tooth in rhesus macaque show ladder-shaped changes in different lati-tudes, but the diversity of teeth of among various subspecies lies mainly in their size andshape,and relates to the individual size in various subspecies.