基于生态位理论研究群落构建的方法进展

理解群落构建过程可以解释生物多样性格局的形成和维持，对于生物多样性保护起到关键作用。生态位理论是群落构建研究的核心框架之一。该理论认为群落构建是生物作用和非生物作用将区域物种库中的物种选入局域群落的确定过程。近年来，随着该领域受到的关注越来越多，研究者不但从物种、谱系或功能等生物多样性维度来研究群落构建，所使用的多样性指数、零模型算法和物种库界定方式等也多种多样。本文回顾了从生物多样性不同维度研究群落构建的优势与局限，总结了群落构建过程中构建零模型和界定物种库时需要注意的一些问题，介绍了部分群落构建研究的最新方法学进展和研究成果。最后，结合近年来的研究案例提出了对未来群落构建研究的一些建议。

Methodological advances in explaining community assembly with nichebased theory

Disentangling community assembly processes could help to better understand the formation of biodiversity patterns and may facilitate biodiversity conservation. One of the central theoretical frameworks of community assembly is the niche-based theory, which hypothesizes that the species observed in the local community are deterministically selected by biotic and abiotic factors. Recently, as increasing attention is drawn to this field, ecologists explain community assembly by studying distributions of taxonomic, phylogenetic, or functional diversity patterns. However, the diversity indices, algorithms of null models, and the definitions of species pool are varied. This paper reviews the usages and limitations when studying community assembly from different biodiversity dimensions. We summarized some pitfalls when constructing null models and defining species pools. Some recent developments in methodology are also introduced. Finally, we provide some suggestions for further study based on recent advances in community assembly topics.