中国和印度猕猴(Macaca mulatta)两个种群颅骨的比较

中国云南中南部和印度的猕猴(Macaca mulatta)两个种群的颅骨形态以及等位基因的比较研究结果表明:两者的面宽、颅的形态大小和等位基因频率均存在较大差异。这些差异也分别存在于印度种群(M.m.mulatta)与西藏亚种(M.m.vestita),川西亚种(M.m.lasiotis),泰国种群和越南种群之间。在20个血蛋白等位基因中,仅约8个是各亚种或种群共有的,代表共同的离征或祖征。因此,云南中南部标本既不是印度指名亚种,也不是泰国的siamica亚种,其亚种名应重新厘定。大陆型分布的猕猴区域性种群之间的遗传异质性大于同质性。上述差异可能是随机遗传漂变的产物。

CRANIAL COMPARISON BETWEEN THE POPULATIONS OF RHESUS MONKEYS (MACACA MULATTA) DISTRIBUTING CHINA AND INDIA

Combined with the biochemical information of the blood protein examined in various geographical population (Pakistan, India, China, Thailand, and Vietnam) of M.mulatta,the morphological variation of the skulls of Macaca mulatta distributing in China and Northern India were analyzed. Using univariate analysis, ONE-WAY, mul-tivariate analysis of variance and discriminant function analysis. It was suggested that: 1) The facial breadth and structure of the cranium exhibit significant differe- nce between two geographical populations of middle-south Yunnan and India; 2 ) The significant cranial variation exist also between India and other geographical populations (vestita and lasiotis in China, and others distributing in Thailand and Vietnam); 3 ) In 20 alleles of the blood proteins, 8 of them are shared in the four subspecies or populations, which, in turn, represents their synapomorphous or symplesiomorphous features; 4 ) The population living in middle-south Yunnan could be belong to neither M.m.mulatta distributing in India nor M.m.siamica living in Thailand. So it seems to be necessary to rename this population; 5 ) The genetic heterogeneity is more obvious than the genetic homogeneity within these subspecies; 6 ) The genetic variability might be caused as the result of random genetic drift, and finally; 7 ) The body size of Yunnan population should be slightly less than that of India population.