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笼养东北虎行为的时间分配
引用本文:滕丽微,宋延龄,刘振生,王晓明,王延忠.笼养东北虎行为的时间分配[J].兽类学报,2003,23(1):1-5.
作者姓名:滕丽微  宋延龄  刘振生  王晓明  王延忠
作者单位:1. 中国科学院动物研究所,北京,100080
2. 东北林业大学野生动物资源学院,哈尔滨,150040
基金项目:国家林业局科技指南研究项目 ( 97-2 7)
摘    要:1998年4月至2001年3月,采用瞬时扫描取样法和全事件取样法对哈尔滨动物园的4只笼养东北虎的活动规律进行了研究。结果表明,笼养东北虎在全年的昼夜行为时间分配表现为睡眠所占比值最多;其次是卧息和活动;摄食和其它行为(包括饮水、排尿、排粪、修饰、嗅闻、嬉戏、站立、直立、发声等)最少。在不同季节笼养东北虎的活动变化规律基本相似,一昼夜的睡眠、运动和卧息均有两个高峰期,但高峰期出现和持续的时间有所差异。睡眠的高峰期在10:00-14:00和20:00至次日06:00,活动的高峰期在05:00-10:00和14:00-17:00,卧息的高峰期在05:00-10:00和13:00-20:00,摄食仅在16:00-20:00有一个高峰期。冬季(12-2月)与春(3-5月)、夏(6-8月)、秋季(9-11月)相比,东北虎在白昼睡眠的时间显减少,夜晚则显增多。

关 键 词:笼养  东北虎  行为  时间分配  活动规律
文章编号:1000-1050(2003)01-0001-05
修稿时间:2002年1月7日

Time Budget of Behavior of Amur Tiger (Panthera tigris altaica) in Captivity
TENG Liwei,SONG Yanling,LIU Zhensheng,WANG Xiaoming,WANG Yanzhong.Time Budget of Behavior of Amur Tiger (Panthera tigris altaica) in Captivity[J].Acta Theriologica Sinica,2003,23(1):1-5.
Authors:TENG Liwei  SONG Yanling  LIU Zhensheng  WANG Xiaoming  WANG Yanzhong
Institution:TENG Liwei 1 SONG Yanling 1 LIU Zhensheng 2 WANG Xiaoming 2 WANG Yanzhong 2
Abstract:The activity rhythms of four captive Amue tigers ( Panthera tigris altaica ) were observed in Harbin Zoo between April 1998 and March 2001.The behavioral ethogram was identified by all-occurrence sampling in the preliminary observation from March to April in 1998.Based on the preliminary observation,the behaviors of Amur tiger were recorded at 5 minute interval using instantaneous scanning sampling method from April 1998 to March 2001.The results indicated that sleeping,resting,moving,eating,and other activites had 53.13%,22.05%,19.57%, 2.27%,and 2.98% respectively in the 24 h time budget for the captive Amur tigers during the study preiod.Drinking,eliminating,grooming,sniffing,playing and standing were considered as other activities in this study. The patterns of activity rhythms of captive Amur tigers did not show any seasonal difference. Two activity peaks were revealed in sleeping,moving,and resting during 24 h cycles with differences in onset time and duration. The peaks of sleeping were recorded at 10:00-14:00 and 20:00-06:00;moving at 05:00-10:00 and 14:00-17:00; andresting at 05:00-10:00 and 13:00-20:00.Only one peak of eating was found at 16:00-20:00. The duration of sleeping of Amur tigers in winter (December to February) was significantly increased during night time and was significantly decreased during the daytime comparing with other three seasons.
Keywords:Amur tiger(  Panthera tigris altaica  )  Captivity  Behavior  Time budget
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