四川岷山小麂的种群性比、社会结构和活动节律

小麂(Muntiacus reevesi)主要分布在东亚长江以南的地区,是我国分布范围最广的麂属物种.本研究基于四川省岷山山脉6个自然保护区2011-2020年的红外相机调查数据,共布设有效调查位点726个,完成75320个相机日的有效调查工作量;在其中133个相机位点上拍摄到小麂照片和视频20236份,独立探测190...

The sex ratio,social structure and activity pattern of Reeves' muntjac(Muntiacus reevesi) in Minshan Mountains,Sichuan Province

Reeves'muntjac (Muntiacus reevesi) is distributed in the south of Yangtze River in East Asia, and is the Muntiacus species with the largest distribution range in China. In this study, we combined the data from camera-trapping surveys conducted from 2011 to 2020 in six nature reserves in the Minshan Mountains, Sichuan Province. With an extensive survey effort of 75 320 camera-days at 726 valid camera stations, we obtained 20 236 images and videos from 1 903 independent detections of Reeves'muntjac at 133 camera stations. Our results showed that the sex ratio of adults in this wild population of Reeves'muntjac was ♀:♂=1. 13:1. The majority of observed Reeves'muntjac were solitary individuals, accounting for 91. 97% of total independent detections, followed by male-female pairs, accounting for 6. 15% of the total detection times. Other group types included doe-fawn group, buck-fawn group, family group, two female group, two male group and one male with two female group, all together accounted for 2. 88% of the total independent detections. The Reeves'muntjac in Minshan Mountains had a bimodal daily activity rhythm, with one activity peak at 06:00-09:00 around dawn and another at 17:00-19:00 around dusk, showing a typical crepuscular pattern. Its daily activity pattern showed substantial seasonal variations, with the greatest difference between that in winter and summer. On the basis of extensive datasets from field camera-trapping surveys, our study determined the sex ratio, social structure and daily activity pattern of Reeves'muntjac in Minshan Mountains, which will provide reliable basic information to support and guide future studies on the wild populations of this small Cervidae species.