基于MaxEnt模式的白头叶猴栖息地评价——以广西崇左白头叶猴保护区为例

针对物种分布格局与其环境变量关系的研究，对于生态廊道规划与环境恢复研究具有重要意义。本文以白头叶猴（Trachypithecus leucocephalus）为研究对象，针对广西崇左白头叶猴国家级自然保护区51个白头叶猴分布点和11个环境变量数据，利用MaxEnt模型（maximum entropy modeling）对栖息地适宜性进行综合评价，通过模型生成栖息地适宜度指数（habitat suitability index，HSI）阈值，划定研究区域为低适生区、适生区和高适生区3种类型，其中低适生区面积为5 061.43 km²，适生区和高适生区面积分别为42.80 km²和20.63 km²。主要环境变量分析表明：年均降水量、土地利用分类、坡度和年平均气温的综合贡献值分别为54.6%、17.4%、11.8%和9.5%，4项环境变量累积贡献值达到93.3%，是影响白头叶猴分布的主要环境因素。为更有效保护白头叶猴及其栖息地，建议在保护区规划生态廊道，扩大恢复区内白头叶猴适宜栖息地面积，以促进白头叶猴种群间基因交流。

Habitat suitability assessment of the white-headed langur (Trachy-pithecus leucocephalus) based on MaxEnt modeling:a case study of the Chongzuo White-Headed Langur Nature Reserve,Guangxi

The study of relationships between species distribution patterns and environmental variables is of great significance to the planning of ecological corridors and environmental restoration.We collected 51 distribution points of Trachypithecus leucocephalus and 11 environmental variables in the National Nature Reserve of the white-headed langur in Chongzuo,Guangxi.This paper makes a comprehensive evaluation of habitat suitability by using maximum entropy modeling,which generated habitat suitability indices through threshold delimitation.We delimited low-suitability area,suitable area and highly-suitable area,which covered 5 061.43 km~2,42.80 km~2 and 20.63 km~2 respectively.The analysis of environmental variables showed that the comprehensive contribution values of annual precipitation,land use classification,slope and annual average temperature were 54.6%,17.4%,11.8% and 9.5% respectively.The cumulative contribution value of those four environmental variables was 93.3%,suggesting that these factors had greatest effect on the distribution of white headed langurs.In order to effectively protect the white-headed langur and its habitat,we suggest planning ecological corridors within the reserve in order to expand the suitable habitat into the restoration area and promote intergroup gene exchange between the langurs.