青木川自然保护区川金丝猴食性的季节性变化

2005 ～2008 年于陕西省青木川自然保护区使用瞬时扫描法观察了川金丝猴的食性。结果表明,川金丝猴冬季和夏季共取食42 种植物,可鉴定植物归属23 科34 属。川金丝猴食物类型包括果实、花、树叶、树皮、树芽。夏季取食21 种植物的果实或树叶;冬季取食25 种植物。树叶是其冬季主要食物,取食频次占总取食频次的73.0% ;夏季取食果实的频次占总取食频次的72.2% ,灯台树果实是其主要食物。啃食树皮行为主要发生在落叶阔叶林、针叶林与落叶阔叶混交林;在常绿和落叶阔叶混交林中,树皮啃食强度则相对较小。与其它地区金丝猴的食性比较,该地区川金丝猴食物谱较宽。蔷薇科和壳斗科植物在川金丝猴食物组成中最多,杨柳科、桦木科、山茱萸科、槭树科和忍冬科植物也取食较多。

Diet and its seasonality of golden snub-nosed monkeys (Rhinopithecus roxellana) in Qingmuchuan Nature Reserve, Shaanxi Province, China

From 2005 to 2008,we studied the diet of golden snub-nosed monkeys(Rhinopithecus roxellana)in Qingmuchuan Nature Reserve,Shaanxi Province,China. We made 73 -day observations on the monkeys in the field,including 31 days in summer and 42 days in winter during the period. Golden snub-nosed monkeys were found feeding on 42 plant species,belonging to 34 genera of 23 families. Twenty-one plant species were consumed in summer while 25 species were fed on in winter; among these plants,two species were eaten in both winter and summer. The monkeys consumed Rosaceae the most,followed by Fagaceae. Plant parts consumed by the monkey were fruits,flowers,leaves,buds and barks. The monkeys had a primarily frugivorous diet in summer and a folivorous diet in winter. Frequencies of the monkey feeding on fruits increased from 5. 6% in winter to 72. 2% in summer. In winter,leaves were the main foods,accounting for 73. 0% of the total observations. Fruit of the giant dogwood (Cornus controversa)was the major food in summer. Bark-stripping mainly occurred in deciduous broadleaved forests,and coniferous-deciduous broadleaved mixed forests,but seldom occured in mixed evergreen and deciduous broadleaved forests. Compared with the diets of other snub-nosed monkeys reported in recent years,we found that the monkeys in Qingmuchuan had a wide food spectrum,dominated by species of Rosaceae and Fagaceae,as well as Betulaceae,Cornaceae, Caprifoliaceae,Aceraceae and Betulaceae.