饲养林麝的种群特征和幼麝的存活研究

对饲养在上海崇明岛东平林场的林麝种群特征以及1998～2000 年间该种群所出生的74 只幼麝存活情况进行分析研究。结果表明: 该林麝种群中能繁殖的个体占51.1 % , 种群数量逐渐增长。种群存活率曲线呈C 型,说明林麝的死亡主要发生在幼麝时期。从不同年龄段性比变化来看, 初生幼麝的性比接近1∶1 , 由于雌幼麝比雄幼麝具有更高的存活率( P < 0.05) , 进入亚成体以后雄性比例逐渐下降, 显示幼麝时期存在偏雄性死亡。早出生幼麝的存活率明显高于晚出生幼麝( P < 0.05) 。引起幼麝死亡的主要原因是疾病(45. 9 %) 。

Population Characteristics and Fawn Survival in Musk Deer(Moshus moschiferus)

Musk deer were first translocated to Chongming Island, Shanghai,in 1980s. After nearly 20 years, we evaluated the population characteristics of musk deer on Chongming Island, and we also quantified fawns mortality. There were 74 fawns born from 1998-2000. Adult deer being reproductive comprised about 51.1% of population. The age structure suggested an increasing population. The survivorship curve indicates that the most death happened in fawn period. Sex ratio data suggested male-biased mortality during fawn period. Annual survival of female fawns exceeded survival of males ( P <0.05), which resulted in female-biased sex ratios in adult. Early-born fawns experienced higher survival than late-born ones (P<0.05). Diseases were the most important factor in causing fawn death (45.9%).