Community structure and seasonal dynamics of planktonic ciliates along salinity gradients |
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| Authors: | Yanli Lei Kuidong Xu Joong Ki Choi Hyun Pyo Hong Stephen A Wickham |
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| Institution: | 1. Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, 266071 Qingdao, PR China;2. Department of Oceanography, Inha University, Inchon 402-751, Republic of Korea;3. University of Salzburg, Department of Organismic Biology, Hellbrunnerstrasse 34, A-5020 Salzburg, Austria;1. Institute of Evolution and Marine Biodiversity, Ocean University of China, Qingdao 266003, China;2. Key Laboratory of Tropical Marine Bio-resources and Ecology, South China Sea Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Science, Guangzhou 510301, China;3. College of Fisheries and Life Science, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China;4. State Key Laboratory of Estuarine and Coastal Research, East China Normal University, Shanghai 200062, China;5. College of Life Science and Technology, Harbin Normal University, Harbin 150025, China;6. Department of Zoology, College of Science, King Saud University, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia;7. Department of Life Sciences, Natural History Museum, Cromwell Road, London SW7 5BD, UK;8. College of Marine Ecology and Environment, Shanghai Ocean University, Shanghai 201306, China;1. Fisheries Research Institute, Anhui Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Hefei 230031, China;2. State Key Laboratory of Lake Science and Environment, Nanjing Institute of Geography and Limnology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Nanjing 210008, China;1. Centre for Limnology, Institute of Agricultural and Environmental Research, Estonian University of Life Sciences, Rannu 61117, Tartu, Estonia;2. Institute for Environmental Solutions, Prieku?u parish, Prieku?u County LV-4101, Latvia;1. University of Kaiserslautern, Ecology Group, D-67663, Kaiserslautern, Germany;2. University of Geneva, Department of Genetics and Evolution, 1211, Geneva, Switzerland;1. Laboratory of Marine Organism Taxonomy and Phylogeny, Institute of Oceanology, Chinese Academy of Sciences, Qingdao 266071, China;2. Laboratory for Marine Biology and Biotechnology, Qingdao National Laboratory for Marine Science and Technology, Qingdao 266071, China;3. National Oceanographic Center, Qingdao 266071, China;4. Dept. Life Sciences, Natural History Museum,Cromwell Road, London, SW7 5BD, UK;5. University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Beijing 100049, China |
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| Abstract: | The ciliate community structure and seasonal dynamics in a solar saltern of the Yellow Sea were studied based on 4 sampling dates and 8 stations with salinities from 27.7‰ to 311.0‰. The effects of the type and concentration of the fixative used (Lugol's and Bouin's) were tested at the first sampling date. Fixative type and fixative concentration had significant effects on ciliate abundance and biovolume, with 1% Lugol's giving the best results. A detailed investigation using live observations and protargol staining techniques revealed a total of 98 morphospecies from 8 sampling stations. There was obvious seasonal variation in species composition at most of the stations, but this tended to be less distinct with increasing salinity, as the dominant ciliate group shifted from oligotrichs to heterotrichs. Ciliate abundance varied from 4.40×101 to 2.11×105 cells l?1 and biomass ranged between 2.39 and 9.87×103 μg C l?1 (at a salinity of 147.6‰). Both abundance and biomass decreased abruptly when salinity exceeded 100–150‰. Statistical analyses suggested that the dynamics of ciliate abundance and biomass were regulated by both salinity and by season, but those of diversity and species richness were mainly controlled by salinity and both significantly decreased with increasing salinity. |
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