Identification and characterization of <Emphasis Type="Italic">Rht25</Emphasis>, a locus on chromosome arm 6AS affecting wheat plant height,heading time,and spike development |
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| Authors: | Youngjun Mo Leonardo S Vanzetti Iago Hale Emiliano J Spagnolo Fabio Guidobaldi Jassim Al-Oboudi Natalie Odle Stephen Pearce Marcelo Helguera Jorge Dubcovsky |
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| Institution: | 1.Department of Plant Sciences,University of California,Davis,USA;2.EEA INTA Marcos Juárez,Instituto Nacional de Tecnología Agropecuaria (INTA),Marcos Juárez,Argentina;3.Department of Agriculture, Nutrition, and Food Systems,University of New Hampshire,Durham,USA;4.Consejo Nacional de Investigaciones Científicas y Técnicas (CONICET), Ciudad Autónoma de Buenos Aires,Buenos Aires,Argentina;5.Department of Soil and Crop Sciences,Colorado State University,Fort Collins,USA;6.National Institute of Crop Science, Rural Development Administration,Wanju,South Korea;7.Howard Hughes Medical Institute,Chevy Chase,USA |
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| Abstract: | Key messageThis study identified Rht25, a new plant height locus on wheat chromosome arm 6AS, and characterized its pleiotropic effects on important agronomic traits.AbstractUnderstanding genes regulating wheat plant height is important to optimize harvest index and maximize grain yield. In modern wheat varieties grown under high-input conditions, the gibberellin-insensitive semi-dwarfing alleles Rht-B1b and Rht-D1b have been used extensively to confer lodging tolerance and improve harvest index. However, negative pleiotropic effects of these alleles (e.g., poor seedling emergence and reduced biomass) can cause yield losses in hot and dry environments. As part of current efforts to diversify the dwarfing alleles used in wheat breeding, we identified a quantitative trait locus (QHt.ucw-6AS) affecting plant height in the proximal region of chromosome arm 6AS (<?0.4 cM from the centromere). Using a large segregating population (~?2800 gametes) and extensive progeny tests (70–93 plants per recombinant family), we mapped QHt.ucw-6AS as a Mendelian locus to a 0.2 cM interval (144.0–148.3 Mb, IWGSC Ref Seq v1.0) and show that it is different from Rht18. QHt.ucw-6AS is officially designated as Rht25, with Rht25a representing the height-increasing allele and Rht25b the dwarfing allele. The average dwarfing effect of Rht25b was found to be approximately half of the effect observed for Rht-B1b and Rht-D1b, and the effect is greater in the presence of the height-increasing Rht-B1a and Rht-D1a alleles than in the presence of the dwarfing alleles. Rht25b is gibberellin-sensitive and shows significant pleiotropic effects on coleoptile length, heading date, spike length, spikelet number, spikelet density, and grain weight. Rht25 represents a new alternative dwarfing locus that should be evaluated for its potential to improve wheat yield in different environments. |
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