An analysis of the epicuticular wax of Chenopodium album leaves in relation to environmental change, leaf wettability and the penetration of the herbicide bentazone

The fine-structure, epicuticular wax and contact angle characteristics of Chenopodium album leaf surfaces have been examined with respect to the control of this weed by the herbicide bentazone. Epicuticular wax analysis and contact angle measurements suggest a relative impermeability to bentazone (BAS 35107H), that may be enhanced by the inclusion of the oil adjuvant Actipron (BP Oil Ltd) to the formulation. Under different regimes of light, temperature and relative humidity the chemical composition of the epicuticular wax layer remained relatively constant, whereas herbicide efficacy was greatly altered. These findings are discussed in relation to the mode of action and penetration of bentazone in this species.