Soil transfers from valley oak (Quercus lobata Nee) stands increase ectomycorrhizal diversity and alter root and shoot growth on valley oak seedlings |
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Authors: | J T Berman C S Bledsoe |
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Institution: | (1) Department of Land, Air and Water Resources, University of California, Davis, CA 95616-8627, USA Fax: +1-916-752-1552; e-mail: csbledsoe@ucdavis.edu, US |
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Abstract: | Soils from valley oak (Quercus lobata Nee) riparian areas of the Cosumnes River Nature Conservancy Preserve near Sacramento, California were added to growth medium
of valley oak seedlings grown in a greenhouse or in agricultural fields at Cosumnes which probably once supported valley oak
trees and are now replanted with native riparian vegetation or allowed to revegetate naturally. Agricultural field soil from
the Cosumnes River Preserve was presumed to be low or lacking in ectomycorrhizal inoculum. The study was designed to (1) determine
whether valley oak stand soil transfer could cause mycorrhizal infection on valley oak seedlings in an agricultural field
and in a greenhouse, (2) describe ectomycorrhizal morphological types formed on valley oak seedlings, and (3) determine whether
seedling growth is enhanced more by transfer of natural valley oak stand soil than agricultural field soil. In the field study,
transfer of forest soil increased average ectomycorrhizal diversity (2.4 types) more than transfer of agricultural field soil
(1.2 types). Valley oak seedlings were responsive to ectomycorrhizal infection in the field study. With increase in mycorrhizal
infection there was an increase in shoot growth at the expense of root growth. In the greenhouse study, both percent mycorrhizal
infection and mycorrhizal diversity were increased more by transfer of oak forest and woodland soils than agricultural field
soil. Eight morphotypes occurred on seedlings in forest and woodland soils but only three morphotypes in agricultural soil.
This result strongly suggests that the agricultural field also harbors ectomycorrhizal propagules but forest and woodland
soils support a more abundant and diverse ectomycorrhizal flora.
Accepted: 17 August 1997 |
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Keywords: | Quercus lobata Ectomycorrhizas Diversity Soil transfer Soil sterilization |
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