Regulation of respiration and ATP synthesis in higher organisms: Hypothesis |
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Authors: | Bernhard Kadenbach |
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Institution: | (1) Biochemie, Fb Chemie der Philipps-Universität, Hans-Meerwein-Strasse, D-3550 Marburg, FRG |
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Abstract: | The present view on the regulation of respiration and ATP synthesis in higher organisms implies only Michaelis-Menten type kinetics and respiratory control as regulatory principles. Recent experimental observations, suggesting further regulatory mechanisms at respiratory chain complexes, are reviewed. A new hypothesis is presented implying regulation of respiration and ATP synthesis in higher organisms mainly via allosteric modification of respiratory chain complexes, in particular of cytochromec oxidase. The allosteric effectors, e.g., metabolites, cofactors, ions, hormones, and the membrane potential are suggested to change the activity and the coupling degree of cytochromec oxidase by binding to specific sites at nuclear coded subunits. Recent results on the structure and activity of cytochromec oxidase, supporting the hypothesis, are reviewed.Dedicated to Professor Dr. Carl Martius on the occasion of his 80th birthday. |
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Keywords: | Regulation cytochromec oxidase respiration ATP synthesis hypothesis proton translocation H+/e
– stoichiometry isozymes allosteric modification |
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