Polymorphism in recent ostracods of southwestern Spain: an environmental approach

The analysis of the surface ornamentation permits us to differentiate two morphotypes in the recent populations of the ostracod Urocythereis oblonga collected in shallow marine sediments of the Huelva littoral (SW Spain). An environmental analysis was made and its abundances were compared with different environmental parameters. Morph 1 (reticulated or “normal”) is almost always dominant, characterizing microenvironments with low salinity water changes, low to moderate energy levels, poorly sorted bottom sediments with high percentages of fine grain sizes (very fine sands, silts and clays) and moderate to high ostracod diversity. Morph 2 (punctuated or “degraded”) is significantly represented (> 10%) in stressing conditions, i.e., moderate salinity fluctuations, moderate to high hydrodynamic levels, low organic matter contents, moderate to well-sorted sediments with high percentages of medium sands and low to very low ostracod diversity. These differences make clear the potential of these microcrustaceans as environmental tracers in these transitional areas.