Microbial community composition and functional diversity in the rhizosphere of maize |
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Authors: | Kandeler Ellen Marschner Petra Tscherko Dagmar Singh Gahoonia Tara Nielsen Niels Erik |
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Institution: | (1) Institute of Soil Science, University of Hohenheim, Emil-Wolff-Straße 27, D-70599 Stuttgart, Germany;(2) Institute for Applied Botany, University of Hamburg, Marseillerstr. 7, D-20355 Hamburg, Germany;(3) Department of Agricultural Science, The Royal Veterinary and Agricultural University, Thorvaldsensvej 40, DK-1871 Frederiksberg C, Denmark |
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Abstract: | This study investigates the small-scale stratification of bacterial community composition and functional diversity in the rhizosphere of maize. Maize seedlings were grown in a microcosm with a horizontal mesh (53 M) creating a planar root mat and rhizosphere soil. An unplanted microcosm served as control. Thin slices of soil were cut at different distances from the mesh surface (0.2–5.0 mm) and analysed for bacterial community composition by PCR-DGGE (polymerase chain reaction-denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis) of 16S rDNA and tested for activities of different enzymes involved in C, N, P and S cycling. Bacterial community composition and microbial functional diversity were affected by the presence of the maize roots. The bacterial composition showed a clear gradient up to 2.2 mm from the root surface, while no such gradient was observed in the unplanted pot. Invertase and phosphatase activities were higher in the close vicinity of maize roots (0.2–0.8 mm), whereas xylanase activity was unaffected. This study shows that the changes in bacterial community composition and functional diversity induced by roots may extend several millimetres into the soil. |
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Keywords: | Bacterial community composition DGGE functional diversity rhizosphere soil enzymes |
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