Fate of nitrogen fertilizer applied on two main arables crops,winter wheat (Triticum aestivum) and sugar beet (Beta vulgaris) in the loam region of Belgium |
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Authors: | Destain J P Francois E Guiot J Goffart J P Vandergeten J P Bodson B |
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Institution: | (1) Centre de Recherches Agronomiques, Ministère de l'Agriculture, B-5030 Gembloux;(2) Institut Royal Belge pour l'Amélioration de la Betterave, B-5030 Tienen;(3) Unité de Phytotechnie tempérée, Faculté des Sciences Agronomiques, B-5030 Gembloux |
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Abstract: | Since 1986, the fate of fertilizer N (NH4NO3 or NaNO3) applied in field conditions on two main arable crops, winter wheat (Triticum aestivum) and sugar beet (Beta vulgaris), has been studied using 15N. Up to a rate of 200 kg ha-1 of N, mean recovery of fertilizer by winter wheat was 70%, provided it had been split applied. Single application (with or without dicyandiamid) was less effective. For sugar beet, in 1990, 1991 and 1992, 40% of fertilizer N was found in the crop at harvest when NH4NO3 had been broadcast at 100 to 160 kg N ha-1 at sowing time. For the same N rate, recovery was 50% when row applied near the seeds and 60% for 80 kg N ha-1. For the two experimental crops, residual fertilizer N in soil was exclusively organic. It ranged from 15 to 30% of applied N and was located in the 30 cm upper layer. Losses were generally lower with winter wheat (12%) than with sugar beet (20–40%) and could be ascribed to volatilization and denitrification. Soil derived N taken up by the plant was site and year dependent. |
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Keywords: | Broadcast loam soil 15N N losses N recovery row application split dressing sugar beet winter wheat |
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