发根农杆菌Ri质粒rol基因研究进展及在林木改良上的应用

Ri质粒上携带的诱根基因的表达不仅能导致植物被感染部位形成大量的毛根，而且由毛根容易获得再生的转化植株，这些植株可表现出许多能稳定遗传的表型变异，在植物遗传改良中有着广阔的应用前景。20世纪80年代以来，国内外学者对发根农杆菌Ri质粒及其rol基因进行了广泛深入的研究。本文重点综述了农杆碱型发根农杆菌Ri质粒的结构与功能，rol基因的位点与特征，Ri质粒的转化与rol基因的表达对植物生长发育的影响及在林木遗传改良上应用等方面的研究现状，并讨论了Ri质粒rol基因在林木遗传改良应用上存在的问题与应用前景。

Advance of Studies on Agrobacterium rhizogenes Ri Plasmid rol Genes and Their Applications for Forest Tree Genetic Improvement

Expression of rol genes from Ri plasmid leads to the excessive formation of adventitious roots at the site of infection in plant, and transformed plants can be easily regenerated from the adventitious roots. The plants transformed with Ri plasmid rol genes often generate various genetically modified characteristics which have broad prospects for the application of plant genetic improvement. Since the 80's of the last century, much progress has been made in the studies on agropine type Ri plasmid rol genes and their applications for plant genetic improvement, which involves the structure and function of Ri plasmid, the characters of rol genes, the influence of rol genes expression on plants growth and development, and the applications of rol genes for forest tree genetic improvement. In this paper, the advances in this field are reviewed and the existing problems about the application of rol genes on forest tree genetic improvement are also discussed.