植物中丛枝菌根形成的信号途径研究进展

丛枝菌根(arbuscular mycorrhizal,AM)共生是丛枝菌根真菌与大多数陆地植物的根系之间形成的一种互利共生关系。植物给菌根真菌提供碳水化合物;作为回报,菌根真菌能够增强植物对矿质营养元素(尤其是磷)的吸收。菌根的形成过程是一系列信号交换和转导的结果,具有严格并且一致的顺序。本文以植物中菌根形成的信号途径为主线,对菌根真菌的形成过程和信号转导途径及其方式进行了分析和讨论。高等植物中菌根形成的信号途径与豆科植物的结瘤信号途径部分共享,并且与钙离子信号途径相关,但前者更为广泛。尽管该途径中很多过程目前还不十分清楚,但是相信在不久的将来就可以揭开菌根形成过程中的众多谜团。

Advances in Signal Transduction Pathways of Arbuscular Mycorrhizal Symbiosis in Higher Plants

Arbuscular mycorrhizal (AM) symbiosis is the mutualistic association between AM fungi and most terrestrial plants:the plant roots offer carbohydrates to the fungi;in return, the fungi assist the plants with uptake of mineral nutrients, particularly phosphate, from soil, and their subsequent transfer to the root cortical cells. The formation of AM symbiosis involves complicated pathways of signal exchange and transduction, with stringent and coordinated programs. This mini-review focuses on the current knowledge in the signal transduction pathways in AM plants. Such pathways in higher plants are similar, in part, to nodulation signal pathways in legumes and are related to calcium signaling. Many detailed action models in AM signal transduction are not clear yet but may be revealed soon.