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Dehydrins: Emergence of a biochemical role of a family of plant dehydration proteins
Authors:Timothy J Close
Institution:Dept of Botany and Plant Sciences. Univ. of California, Riverside, CA 92521-0124, USA.
Abstract:A number of proteins have been identified that typically accumulate in plants in response to any environmental stimulus that has a dehydrative component or is temporally associated with dehydration. This includes drought, low temperature, salinity and seed maturation. Among the induced proteins, dehydrins (late embryogenesis abundant LEA] D-II family) have been the most commonly observed, yet we still have an incomplete knowledge of their fundamental biochemical role in the cell. Current research trends are changing this situation: immunolocalization and in vitro biochemical analyses are, through analogies to other more fully characterized proteins and molecules, shaping our understanding. In brief, dehydrins may be structure stabilizers with detergent and chaperone-like properties and an array of nuclear and cytoplasmic targets. Recent progress on the mapping of dhn genes and the inheritance of freezing tolerance in barley and other Triticeae species tentatively points to dehydrins as key components of dehydration tolerance.
Keywords:Barley  compatible solute  cytoskeleton  cytosol  dehydration  dehydrin  desiccation  detergent  freezing tolerance              Hordeum vulgare            LEA protein  lower plants  maize  molecular chaperone  nucleus  stress protein  Triticeae  water              Zea mays
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