MeJA处理和蚧虫危害对枣树挥发物的影响

枣树(Ziziphus jujube Mill)是中国北方的一种重要经济林木。日本龟蜡蚧(Ceroplastes japonicus Green)是枣园的一种破坏性天敌。研究了外源茉莉酸甲酯(MeJA)处理和日本龟蜡蚧雌成虫危害后与对照健康枣树相比挥发物的变化。枣树挥发物的收集采用顶空收集法,并使用气相色谱/质谱联用仪(GC/MS)来分析收集到的挥发物的化学成分。结果显示:MeJA处理的和蚧虫危害的枣树挥发物的化学组分在种类和含量上与对照相比都有所改变。其中MeJA处理的枣树样本中检测到22种挥发物,总挥发量为37347 ng/h;蚧虫危害的枣树样本中检测到24种挥发物,总挥发量为54292 ng/h;而健康的对照枣树挥发物中只检测到14种化合物,总挥发量也仅为18611 ng/h。经SPSS软件分析,MeJA处理部分和对照部分,日本龟蜡蚧危害部分和对照部分这两组之间都达到差异显著水平。在上述挥发物成分中,萜烯类、醇类、酯类的增加量在植物诱导化学防御方面具有重要意义,这些化合物通常被认为是与吸引天敌昆虫相关的组分。

The effect of the MeJA treatment and the scale insect attack on the volatile of the jujube trees

The jujube tree, Ziziphus jujube Mill, is one of the most important economic fruits in north China. Japanese wax scale, Ceroplastes japonicus Green, is a destructive pest in the jujube orchard. This paper studied the changes of the volatile of the jujube trees that were induced with Methyl-Jasmonic （MeJA） , an exogenous signaling material, or were attacked by adults of the scale insect, C. japonicus. The headspace volatile trapping instrument was used to collect volatiles from jujube trees. The chemical components of the collected volatiles were analyzed using chromatography/mass spectroscopy （GC/MS）. The results showed that the volatile substances were changed both in the components and in emission quantity when the jujube trees treated with MeJA or damaged by the scale insect. 22 components were examined from the volatile samples from the MeJA-treated jujube tree, and their emission quantity was 37347 ng/ h. Meanwhile, 24 components were determined in the volatiles from the scale insect-damaged jujube trees, and their emission quantity reached 54292 ug/h. In comparison, 14 compounds were detected only in the volatiles of the health trees （as control）, and the total emission quantity was 18611 ng/h. The difference reached the significant level either between the MeJA-treated section and the control section or between the scale insect-danmged section and the control section. In which, the increases of terpenoid, alcohol and ester compounds are significant in plant＇Ls induced chenfical defense. These compounds were considered to associate with the natural enemy recruitment in the biological pest control.