粪样在野生动物研究中的作用

野生动物数量少，取样难度大；在野外工作时，动物肌肉和血液样品还难以保存。这些给野生动物研究带来很大不便。由于动物粪样容易收集，易于保存，对动物的影响小，在野生动物研究中得到了广泛的应用。粪样分析已经应用在动物的领域、食性、消化动态、疾病与寄生虫、种群数量和遗传结构、有效种群大小、食物链与食物网、能量流与物质流的研究等方面。研究证明，在野生动物的研究和保护中，通过粪样可以得到许多关键性问题的答案。

Feces Analysis and Its Role in Wildlife Research

Traditional feces analysis method can be applied to the research of population size,home range,food composition,parasites and diseases in wild animals. Due to the invasive tissue and blood sampling in the wild animals is no long practicable in the field,fecal samples are easy to collect,easy to keep after simple treatment and noninvasive to the wild animals,the modern fecal analysis makes many studies possible with the development of the molecular biology technology.This paper reviewed the fecal analysis and its application in the fields of studying home range,food compositions,digestive dynamics,disease and parasite,population survey,population genetics,minimum viable population,food chain and food web,energy flow and material flow of wild animals.