棕背伯劳羽色多态现象探讨

羽色多态现象的研究对了解物种的遗传、变异和进化有着重要意义。棕背伯劳(Lanius schach)具有典型的羽色多态现象。结合华南濒危动物研究所馆藏标本和2005年4月—2007年1月间的野外调查,分析棕背伯劳棕色型和黑色型在形态和地理分布上的差异性后,得到的结果如下:1)广东可能存在与棕色型、黑色型相区别的一种新色型——黑色白边型,该色型全身以黑色为主,但具多枚白色飞羽;2)棕色型与黑色型各身体量度均无显著性差异(P>0.05);3)野外种群中棕色型为优势色型,黑色型多集中于沿海地区而山区未有发现,黑色白边型仅在沿海的海丰县被发现。据此认为新色型的出现说明沿海可能是黑色型分化的重要地区,且色型的分化仍在进行中。

Analysis on Color Polymorphism of Lanius schach

Color polymorphism is important in understanding the heredity, variation and evolution of species. Lanius schach is an example of a bird with color polymorphism. Here, we analyzed the deviation of the body measurements and distribution of different color morphs of Lanius schach by combining the specimen data in the South China Institute of Endangered Animals and the field data in Guangdong Province from April 2005 to January 2007. The results were: 1) A possible new color morph, called white-remiged black morph, which is different from brown morph and black morph by having white flight feathers, was identified and only recorded in Haifeng, Guangdong. 2) There was no obvious deviation in body measurements (P> 0.05) for brown morphs and black morphs. 3) Brown morphs are more widely distributed and denser than black morphs, which are mostly distributed near seaside areas and never found in mountainous areas. Therefore we concluded that the new color morph suggested seashore regions to be important for the differentiation of black morphs and continued differentiation.