我国华鳊属鱼类形态差异及其物种有效性的研究

为探讨华鳊属鱼类种间和种内居群间的形态差异及其物种有效性，采用多变量形态度量，结合传统分类方法，获得该属鱼类不同地理居群共224尾标本的32个测量性状和7个可数性状数据，并做主成分分析。在可数性状上，海南华鳊各居群间无差异，但明显不同于其他种类；四川华鳊与大眼华鳊差别明显，与伍氏华鳊之间也存在较大程度的差异；大眼华鳊的乌江和珠江居群之间存在显著差异，而伍氏华鳊各地理居群差异不明显。在可量性状上，四川华鳊和大眼华鳊的乌江居群都明显区别于其他种或居群，而大眼华鳊的珠江居群与伍氏华鳊之间以及海南华鳊各居群之间没有明显差异。对上述结果分析认为：四川华鳊和海南华鳊为两个有效的物种；大眼华鳊的乌江标本是一个未被描述的物种，而珠江居群和伍氏华鳊各居群应属同一个种。

Morphological Variations Among the Chinese Species of Sinibrama (Pisces:Teleostei:Cyprinidae),with Comments on Their Species Validities

Data on 32 morphometric and seven meristic characters of 224 specimens from four currently recognized Sinibrama species in southern China were collected by using multivariate morphometrics and traditional taxonomy methods,and then analyzed with the principal component analysis for investigating morphological variations among them and evaluate their species validities.The meristic characters showed that S.affinis is clearly distinct from other congeners,and S.taeniatus is separated distinctly from S.macrops,but from S.wui to that extent that both have no overlap in the scatterplots of the first two principal components.And the specimen from the Wu Jiang and Pearl River are significantly different from each other,though they are presently reported as the same species,S.macrops,while no intraspecific variations are found among populations of S.wui.According to the morphometric characters,S.taentiatus is clearly separated from other species;S.macrops has two distinct populations,of which the Wu Jiang population is discriminated from those of S.wui and S.affins,but no difference is found between the Pearl River population of S.macrops and those of S.wui and S.affins.Above results indicate that S.taeniatus and S.affinis are two valid species;S.macrops involves two distinct species,of which the Wu Jiang population represents an unnamed species,and the Pearl River population is conspecific with S.wui.