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夏季舟山渔场及邻近海域浮游动物群落结构特征分析
引用本文:陈小庆,陈斌,黄备,王婕妤,郑基,宁平,俞存根.夏季舟山渔场及邻近海域浮游动物群落结构特征分析[J].动物学研究,2010,31(1):99-107.
作者姓名:陈小庆  陈斌  黄备  王婕妤  郑基  宁平  俞存根
作者单位:1. 浙江海洋学院,水产学院,浙江,舟山,316004
2. 舟山市海洋与渔业局,浙江,舟山,316004
3. 浙江省舟山海洋生态环境监测站,浙江,舟山,316004
4. 浙江海洋学院,水产学院,浙江,舟山,316004;国家海洋局第二海洋研究所,浙江,杭州,310012
基金项目:国家自然科学基金项目(30970464);;浙江省科技厅项目(2006C23051)
摘    要:2006年8月在舟山渔场及邻近海域(29°30′ ~31°30′ N,124°30′ E以西)开展海洋生态系统综合调查,用浅水Ⅰ型浮游生物网采集的浮游动物样本,对该海域浮游动物的种类组成、数量分布、生物多样性等群落结构特征进行了分析。结果得知,在调查海域共鉴定出浮游动物93种(不包含浮游幼虫),其中以桡足类的种类数为最多,有50种,优势种主要有精致真刺水蚤(Euchaeta concinna)、软拟海樽(Dolioletta gegenbauri)、肥胖箭虫(Sagitta enflata)、百陶箭虫(Sagitta bedoti)、中华哲水蚤(Calanus sinicus)、普通波水蚤(Undinula vulgaris)、微刺哲水蚤(Canthocalanus paupe)、长尾类幼虫(Macruran larvae)、双生水母(Diphyes chamissonis)、背针胸刺水蚤(Centropages dorsispinatus)、肥胖三角溞(Evadne tergestina)、太平洋纺锤水蚤(Acartia pacifica)等12种。调查海域浮游动物丰度平面分布呈现南部高、北部低,近岸高、外海低的特征。生物多样性分析表明,调查海域浮游动物种类数较多,且具有较高的均匀度(0.70),因此其生物多样性指数较高(4.98)。根据聚类分析结果,可将夏季调查海域的浮游动物在17.13%相似性水平上分为A、B、C三个组群。生物−环境匹配分析显示,浮游动物的丰度除了与表层盐度、硝酸氮和硅酸盐含量有关外,还与镉、铅的含量存在着一定相关性。

关 键 词:浮游动物  群落结构  聚类分析  舟山渔场及其邻近海域  夏季
收稿时间:2009-7-2

Analysis on Community Structure of Zooplankton in Zhoushan Fishing Ground and Its Adjacent Area in Summer
CHEN Xiao-Qing,CHEN Bin,HUANG Bei,WANG Jie-Yu,ZHENG Ji,NING Ping,YU Cun-Gen.Analysis on Community Structure of Zooplankton in Zhoushan Fishing Ground and Its Adjacent Area in Summer[J].Zoological Research,2010,31(1):99-107.
Authors:CHEN Xiao-Qing  CHEN Bin  HUANG Bei  WANG Jie-Yu  ZHENG Ji  NING Ping  YU Cun-Gen
Institution:1.Fishery College;Zhejiang Ocean University;Zhoushan 316004;China;2.Zhoushan Marine and Fishery Bureau;3.Zhoushan Marine Ecological Environment Monitoring Station;4.Second Institute of Oceanography;State Oceanic Administration;Peoples Republic of China;Hangzhou 310012;China
Abstract:Based on the data acquired within the Zhoushan fishing ground and its adjacent area (29°30' -31°30' N, 121°30' -124°30' E), species composition, abundance, and species diversity of zooplankton were sampled by plankton net (50 cm mouth-diameter, 145.cm net length, 0.505 mm mesh-aperture) during August 2006. The results identified 93 species (exclude Larvae) from the samples, among which Copepods were the most diverse with 50 species. According to the standard of IRI(the species with IRI above 0.02 were regarded as dominant species in this paper), there were 12 dominant species: Euchaeta concinna, Dolioletta gegenbauri, Sagitta enflata, Sagitta bedoti, Calanus sinicus, Undinula vulgaris, Canthocalanus paupe, Macruran larvae, Diphyes chamissoni, Centropages dorsispinatus, Evadne tergestina, Acartia pacifica. The stations of high abundance were mainly in the southern part and oceanic sea, and low in the northern and near shore waters. Zooplankton in the Zhoushan fishing ground and its adjacent area exhibited high in evenness (0.70), high species number and high diversity indices (4.98). By hierarchical cluster analysis and non-metric multidimensional scaling (MDS) assisted analyzing, zooplankton in Zhoushan fishing ground and its adjacent area could be formed into three assemblages joining at a distance of 17.13%. The biota-environment matching (BIOENV) analysis showed that the abundance of zooplankton was correlated closely not only to salinity, nitrate, silicate, but also to the Cd and Pb.
Keywords:Zooplankton  Community structure  Cluster analysis  Zhoushan fishing ground and its adjacent area  Summer  
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