物种与科属的数量关系——以中国鸟类为例

许多研究表明,物种与高级分类阶元在数量上密切相关,这种关系在地区物种数量预测中具有很高的应用价值。应用中国不同地理类型(保护区、行政区和动物地理亚区)的鸟类物种名录,研究物种与科属的数量相关关系和频次分布规律,结果表明(1)物种与高级分类阶元在数量上有着极显著相关关系(P<0.01),其中物种—属的相关关系要显著于物种—科,且在对数、乘幂、指数和线数4种模型中,用乘幂模型拟合最好;(2)物种在科属间的频次分布具有规律性(P<0.05),随着物种数/科属的增加,频次迅速减少,在4种模型中,乘幂模型拟合最好,属的规律性较科显著。根据以上结果,物种与科属间的数量强相关关系与物种数量在科属间有规律的频次分布有关。

Relationship Between Species and Family or Genus in Number of Aves in China

It was reported that there were significant relationship between species and higher taxons(family and genus) in number. This regulation has its high value to forecast species richness. We applied avian species checklists in different geographic types (natural reserves, administrative regions, zoogeographic regions) in China to study the number relationship between species and higher taxons, including correlation and frequency distribution. Our results showed: (1) Significant correlations existed between species and higher taxons in number (P<0.01), and the correlation of genus-species was stronger than that of family-species. Power model was the best to fit the correlation among logarithmic model, power model, exponential model and linear model; (2) The frequency distributions of species in higher taxons were significant regular (P<0.05). The regulation in genus was stronger than that in family. Power model was the best to fit the correlation among four models. Therefore, we supposed that the correlation between species and higher taxons in number is related with frequency distribution of species in higher taxons.