大别山山地次生林鸟类群落集团结构的季节变化

2007年12月—2008年12月，在大别山鹞落坪，对落叶阔叶次生林鸟类的集团结构的季节变化特征进行了研究。采用连续取样法采集鸟类取食行为数据，用聚类分析法对繁殖和非繁殖季节鸟类群落进行集团划分，通过无倾向对应分析（DCA）对32种森林鸟类的两个季节资源利用特点进行了研究。结果表明，鸟类群落在非繁殖季节可以分为地面、灌丛、树干（枝）、冠层等4个取食集团，而在繁殖季节还出现空中取食集团；候鸟影响鹞落坪次生林鸟类群落取食集团的结构，产生新的取食集团。DCA的第一轴主要代表鸟类取食高度信息，第二轴主要代表鸟类取食位置信息，第三轴代表鸟类取食方式和取食基质信息；用DCA前两轴对32种鸟类排序表明，有6种鸟主要在第一轴发生变化，有4种鸟主要在第二轴发生变化。

Seasonal Dynamics of the Avian Guild Structure of Mountain Secondary Forest in Dabieshan Mountain

Between December 2007 and December 2008, we studied the avian guilds structure of the secondary broad-leaved forests in Yaoluoping, Dabieshan Mountain, Anhui Province. We used focal sampling method to observe feeding behaviors of the bird community, and collected food resource utilization data. PC-ORD was used in Cluster Analysis for the guild structures in the two seasons, and Detrended Correspondence Analysis (DCA) for the feeding patterns of the 32 birds in both the breeding/non-breeding seasons. Results indicated that during the non-breeding season, the bird community could be divided into four guilds: ground forager, shrub forager, tree trunk (branches) forager, and canopy forager. In addition to the four listed guilds, there was an air foraging guild during the breeding season. The first axis of DCA represented the information of the foraging height, the second axis represented the information of the foraging position, and the third axis represented the information of the foraging pattern and the foraging matrix. The ordination for the 32 birds by the first two DCA axes indicated the behavior of 6 birds mainly changed along the first DCA axis, which represented the change information of the foraging height. Additionally, behavior of 4 birds mainly changed along the second DCA axis, which represented the change information of the foraging position.