以mtDNA细胞色素b基因探讨斑翅山鹑的分类地位

以线粒体DNA细胞色素b(mtDNA Cytb)基因作为分子标记，提取鸡形目雉科10个属18个样本的DNA，PCR扩增自动测序，获得序列长度828bp。将山鹑属中的斑翅山鹑(Perdix dauuricae)与其近缘属排序对比，分别以角叫鸭(Anhima cornuta)和海龟(Kachuga dhongoka)为外群，用邻接法、最大简约法和最小进化法构建分子系统发生树。邻接法构建的系统树显示斑翅山鹑与雉聚类，核苷酸序列差异值斑翅山鹑与环颈雉为15．2％，与石鸡为16．1％。分析认为在雉科中斑翅山鹑与雉类更接近，而与真正的鹑亲缘关系较远。同时以mtDNA分析鸟类系统发生时海龟更适合作为外群。以角叫鸭为外群加入西方松鸡(Tetrao urogallus)时，则斑翅山鹑的分类地位不能确定，这可能与鸡形目的适应辐射有关。

Phylogenetic Relationship of Perdix dauuricae Inferred from Mitochondrial Cytochrome b Gene

The relationship of Perdix between pheasants and partridges as well as some other Galliform species is uncertain because of rapid radiation. In this study, the relationship was investigated via mitochondrial DNA cytochrome b (Cytb) nucleotide sequence in 18 individuals of 10 genera in Phasianidae. Amplified Cytb sequences by PCR technique with primers designed by ourselves based upon Galliform sequence data, 828 bp were obtained and used to analyse. The result of neighbor-joining method analyses of Cytb sequences with Anhima cornuta and Kachuga dhongoka as outgroup, respectively, showed that P. dauuricae belonged to the pheasants. The obtained phylogenies were generally not in accordance with the taxonomy based on the traditional morphological analysis. In addition, the branching patterns in the phylogenic trees were supported with short branch lengths and low bootstrap values, based on molecular analysis of Phasianidae and Tetraonidae, none of the analyses could resolve the position of Perdix, which were congruent with previous studies in Galliform. The result also suggests that, for mtDNA studies,K. dhongoka may be a better outgroup for birds than A. cornuta.