云南南涧凤凰山秋季迁移鸟迁移时序与数量变化

2002年9月16日—11月28日和2003年9月9日—11月26日,在云南南涧凤凰山共网捕秋季迁移鸟176种6677只,分属13目29科。凤凰山鸟类夜间迁移时间开始于8月上旬,至11月中旬结束,可分为开始期、高峰期和结束期。高峰期出现于9月中旬—10月上旬,迁移波峰出现在10月初;高峰期间受圆月影响,中间出现2个网捕低谷。候鸟夜间迁移在日落后约1小时开始,在20:30—24:00出现第1个迁移高峰;随后鸟类迁移数量逐渐减少;到次日4:00左右又开始增多,出现当夜的第2个高峰;在凌晨5:30左右再度减少直到日出前为止。白天迁移主要出现在迁移后期,开始于10月中旬左右,10月下旬、11月中旬达到白天迁移高峰,随后逐渐减少,一直持续到11月下旬,1甚至到12月上旬。白昼迁移鸟在日出前约1小时开始迁过,8:30左右达到白昼迁移高峰,11:00后停止。凤凰山秋季迁移鸟的迁徙期持续约100天。夜间迁徙鸟在西南风无月有雾之夜在22:00过境高峰后,还会在午夜、凌晨和黎明前出现另外3个过境高峰,而其他天气仅在22:00出现1次过境高峰。

Fall Migration Dynamics of Birds on Fenghuang Mountain, Yunnan Province, China

During the falls of 2002 and 2003,we studied the migration dynamics of birds using mist nets,on Fenghuang Mountain,Yunnan Province,China.A total of 6 677 individuals,which included 176 species belonging to 29 families and 13 orders,were caught and banded.The night bird migration on Fenghuang Mountain started in early August and finished in mid-November approximately.This migration period can be divided into the beginning stage,maximum stage and finishing stage.Among these stages,the maximum stage was from mid-September to early October.The night-time migration began approximately one hour after sunset and finished at dawn.There were two peaks during the night.The first occurred from 20:30 to 24:00,and the second occurred from 4:00 to 5:30.The day-time migration began in mid-October(beginning stage),and rose to the maximum stage from the last ten days in October to the first ten days in November.The finishing stage was from mid-November to the beginning of December.In the daytime,migration began from approximately one hour before sunrise,and then rose to the peak between 8:00 and 9:30.The migrants decreased gradually until 11:00.The migration period continues for about 100 days on Fenghuang Mountain.The migrating occurred during three migration peaks in nights,which are foggy,have southwest winds and no moonlight,but only one migration peak during all other nights.