云南姬鼠的蛋白多态性及其遗传分化关系

本文采用蛋白电泳技术对来源于云南省若干地区的姬鼠属（Ａｐｏｄｅｍｕｓ）的３种姬鼠──高山姬鼠（Ａ．ｃｈｅｖｒｉｅｒｉ）８只,中华姬鼠（Ａ．ｄｒａｃｏ）３只和大耳姬鼠（Ａ．ｌａｔｒｏｎｕｍ）１只,以及作为外群的同科的绒鼠属的大绒鼠（Ｈａｐａｌｏｍｙｓｄｅｌａｌｏｒｉ）３只进行了分析。共检测遗传座位２７个,发现２１个座位存在多态性。根据蛋白多态的数据对研究对象进行遗传分化关系的探讨,用系统分析软件ＰＨＹＬＩＰ计算它们之间的分化关系,得到了一棵无根系统树。结果表明,作为外群的大绒鼠明显不同于其它３种姬鼠而聚在最外面。８只高山姬鼠个体汇聚成独立的一支,中华姬鼠的３个个体也聚成一支,但大耳姬鼠却聚在中华姬鼠一支中,因此我们认为大耳姬鼠同中华姬鼠的分化时间可能比较晚近。

PROTEIN POLYMORPHISM AND GENETIC DIVERGENCE IN THREE SPECIES OF ApodemusFROM YUNNAN

In this paper, using protein electrophoresis, we analyzed three species of Apodemus derived from Yunnan Province, A. chevrieri, (8 individuals) A. draco (3 individuals) andA. latronum (1 individual), and 3 individuals of Hapalomys delacouri as outgroup. Productsof 27 genetic loci were surveyed, 21 of them were found to be polymorphic. We input the data of gene frequences into the PHYLIP program called"ContinuouS character maximum Likelihood method version 3. 5", and got an unrooted tree displaying the genetic relationshipamong the above species. The unrooted tree indicated that H. delacouri is obviously differentfrom the others consisting a separate group outside, and A. draco also consisted a grouprepectively while A. latronum was in the A. draco group. According to our results about protein electrophoresis and other studies from morphology and mitochondrial DNA RFLP, wesuggested that the A. latronum is closely realated to A. draco while A. chevrieri aregenetically different from them to a certain degree. All the three species can be recognized separate species.